McCullough, M. J., Clemons, K. V., FARINA, C., McCusker, J. H., Stevens, D. A. Liu, M., Clemons, K. V., Johansen, M. E., Martinez, M., Chen, V., Stevens, D. A. The recommendations are distilled in this summary, but the reader is encouraged to review the more extensive discussions in subsequent sections, which show the strength of the recommendations and the quality of the evidence, and the original publications cited in detail. Most of these clinical isolates are able to grow at 42 degrees, a temperature that completely inhibits the growth of most other S. cerevisiae strains. Overall, petites were significantly less virulent than the parental strains. [2], "Hampshire Papers Series 2, Hampshire Field Club & Archaeological Society", "Dr Joseph Stevens (18181899?) I write film reviews for a really. Current treatments provide limited benefit. The restoration of activity of caspofungin was seen at concentrations as low as 0.05% human serum. This suggests an evolutionary conservation of hormonal receptor systems. The effect of human sera was further seen when using caspofungin that had lost activity (e.g., by storage) against A. fumigatus at 0.1 microg/ml. Of 35 speciated isolates, 22 were H. stevensii, 10 H. johnsoniae, and 3 H. hamiltonii. Early histologic analysis (10 days of treatment) with 50 mg/kg BID itraconazole or fluconazole showed suppression of CM in all five animals per group; in quantitative cultures, three of three animals from each group had no detectable infection in the brain, spinal cord, or a site of secondary infection, the lungs. An outbreak of Candida parapsilosis fungemia involving 17 neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients was studied. Although GM-CSF did not enhance IL-1 or TNF production by BAM+conidia, GM-CSF significantly antagonized DEX suppression of IL-1 cytokine production. CD-1 mice given cyclophosphamide to produce immunosuppression had continuous pancytopenia. This persons work contributes towards the following SDG(s): Carpenter, L., Stevens, D., Jickells, T. & Wadley, M. Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science. View details for Web of Science ID 000180884500025. Oxford University Press and Hurst Publishers. The data were reviewed by an independent data review committee (DRC). 1 technical staff2 student. The molecular mechanism is unknown. She has worked in archaeological projects in Armenia, Europe and the UK and has travelled extensively on academic research including Syria, Jordan, USA and Japan. All HKY sc regimens were equivalent, prolonging survival (P We look to the archaeologist for the materials, to the artist for the method. . I am an applied mathematician with an interest in modelling and understanding processes in the oceans and climate system. Low-dose ABLC was less effective than LAmB at reducing brain fungal burdens in both models. However, rhMBL in combination with itraconazole was not better than itraconazole alone. The elder Mazar was a Jew born in . Kamberi, P., Sobel, R. A., Clemons, K. V., Stevens, D. A., Pappagianis, D., Williams, P. L. Efficacy of amphotericin B or itraconazole in a murine model of central nervous system Aspergillus infection. Although no well-designed studies have been carried out, the available data support the use of corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates have been shown previously to exhibit a high degree of variation in their ability to proliferate and persist in CD-1 mice (K.V. After infection with 10(7) CFU, Y55 increased by 13-fold and YJM128 increased by 20-fold in the brain from day 0 to 3. There is an important need for generation of consensus definitions of outcomes of IFD that will form a standard for evaluating treatment success and failure in clinical trials. Select the best result to find their address, phone number, relatives, and public records. Several different animal models of aspergillosis have been developed. My daughter is now nearly four, and I also have a nine-month-old son. View details for Web of Science ID 000177999000007. (Medical school lecturer of Anatomy), [????] Powered by Pure, Scopus & Elsevier Fingerprint Engine 2023 Elsevier B.V. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. Heat-killed Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HKY) used as a vaccine protects mice against systemic aspergillosis and coccidioidomycosis. Oral itraconazole is attractive for continuing therapy in the patient who responds to initial iv therapy (CIII). Stevens then became . Although clinical isolates of the organism are generally reported to be susceptible to amphotericin B, isolates can vary in their sensitivities to antifungal agents in vitro depending on the methodology used, and clinical response to therapy with antifungal agents in a regimen that includes amphotericin B is generally poor. Mice treated with ITZ either once or twice per day had a median survival time of 10 days, compared with 4 days for control animals, but a survival rate of only 10%. Finally, pure SP-D added to SP-D-/- BALF inhibited TNF-alpha production by BAM-B. Help us build our profile of Alice Roberts! CNS aspergillosis is the most frequent and devastating manifestation of dissemination and mortality is high.Cyclophosphamide-suppressed CD-1 mice were infected intracerebrally with conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus and treated for 10 days with suboptimal doses of Abelcet (4 mg/kg) plus micafungin (1 mg/kg), caspofungin (1 mg/kg), itraconazole (100 mg/kg) or voriconazole (40 mg/kg) and compared with monotherapy. Born December 22, 1940 Died July 17, 2018 (77) Add or change photo on IMDbPro Add to list Nominated for 1 Oscar In 1993, archaeologist Avraham Biran and his team discovered a stone fragment at Tel Dan, northern Israel, bearing an inscription that refers to the "House of David." The inscription, in an ancient Semitic script, dates to the ninth century B.C.E. View details for DOI 10.3109/1040841X.2011.581223, View details for Web of Science ID 000295616800001. Chiller, T., Farrokhshad, K., Brummer, E., Stevens, D. A. Chronic necrotizing aspergillosis, aspergilloma, and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis have variable management strategies and better short-term outcomes. Singh, G., Imai, J., Clemons, K. V., Stevens, D. A. Among isolates submitted for susceptibility testing and screened at drug concentrations up to 12.5 microg/ml, the frequency was 16%. Particularly, questions of socioeconomic distribution, Rawlsian justice as fairness, equality of opportunity and education, environmental justice. Caspofungin has an excellent safety profile. An aggressive approach to management of this complication has not been the standard of care, but neurosurgical interventional studies combined with physiologic observations suggest early intervention may reduce the devastating morbidity and mortality. Cytokines in BAL from HKY-vaccinated were higher, 1.7-fold for IFN and 2.1-fold for TNF, than in BAL from PBS-vaccinated. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.48.3.1047-1050.2004, View details for Web of Science ID 000189351700054. David J Stevens ER 2002-12, 2014-15 Liverpool, Merseyside, L5. Analysis of the turbid growth indicated slowing of growth in the presence of drug but with numbers of CFU up to 72% those of drug-free controls. All relationship and family history information shown on FameChain has been compiled from data in the public domain. We postulate that high drug concentrations derepress or activate resistance mechanisms. Gender. Conclusions: A proper IL-12 treatment protocol induces resistance (survival and decreased growth in lungs), low toxicity, macrophage responsiveness to IFN-gamma for killing Blastomyces, up-regulation of IFN-gamma and down-regulation of IL-10 production. Competition studies for the binder in M. canis resulted in similar findings: DOC and DHT were effective competitors for [3H]progesterone binding. C. parapsilosis sensu stricto had significantly higher caspofungin (CAS) and anidulafungin MICs than C. orthopsilosis or C. metapsilosis; C. metapsilosis was least susceptible to fluconazole. [1], Stevens lived in Reading until his death on 7 April 1899. However, doses of AmBi above 15 mg/kg of body weight showed reduced efficacy. Candida albicans and C. dubliniensis genotype differences among Israeli ethnic groups were assessed. We have shown previously that high-dose lipid amphotericin preparations are not more efficacious than lower doses in aspergillosis. William David Thomas. Murine BAM killed Aspergillus fumigatus conidia by 33 +/- 4% (mean +/- SD) in a 2.5-h assay, unaffected by GM-CSF treatment. The paradoxical growth is not related to mutations in resistance-associated regions of the (1,3)-beta-glucan synthase complex and is not related to an up-regulation of (1,3)-beta-glucan synthase activity in the presence of drug. The majority of infant colonizers were not found in the blood, suggesting a possible direct spread of the epidemic subtype VII-1 strain from HCW hands to infant blood. In the absence of serum, with or without fungal stimulation, cytokine and chemokine production was more restricted, largely to TNF and IL-6. Get David Stevens Contact Info. To understand the protection induced by HKY against different fungal species, additional studies of epitope mapping are warranted. The two earlier meetings had taken place in San Francisco, CA, 2004 and in Athens, Greece, 2006, and the series has become the place for scientists and clinicians to be updated on developments relevant to all aspects of this fungal genus. The ability to grow at 42 degrees is shown to be polygenic with primarily additive effects between loci. Albany. An overarching theme of my work has been the proper place of religion within politics and society. The latter includes PCR identification of fungal DNA from body fluid samples using conserved or specific genome sequences. When implementing these programs, consideration must be given to potential adverse events such as phobias, allergies, and particularly the possibility of zoonotic disease transmission. SP-D was detected by anti-SP-D antibody on BALF-treated unwashed B. dermatitidis in an immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Galactomannan antigen testing of blood is routine in some European centres, with EIA methodology supplanting agglutination because of apparently greater sensitivity. Mice were vaccinated subcutaneously with mannan or mannan-BSA conjugate weekly 3 times, ending 2 weeks prior to infection with A. fumigatus conidia. Sixty isolates were grouped on the basis of the presence (group B) or absence (group A) of a 3-kb band. Given the greater than 90% lethality of clinical central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis despite current therapies, there is a need for an animal model to study therapeutic strategies. Safety, tolerance, and efficacy of posaconazole therapy in patients with nonmeningeal disseminated or chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. The continued rise in serious fungal infections and rises in therapy failure dictate that more efficacious therapies be developed. Data from external control cases were collected retrospectively to provide a comparative reference group.Cases of aspergillosis deemed evaluable by a blinded data review committee included 107 posaconazole recipients and 86 control subjects (modified intent-to-treat population). Can susceptibility be redirected by IL-12? Your husband stayed at home to look after your daughter Phoebe in 2012. The mother of two, who is married to field archaeologist David Stevens, said: 'From a very young age, parents are pushing their boys to achieve in a way they don't always do for girls . Kethineni, N., Brummer, E., Stevens, D. A. van Asbeck, E. C., Huang, Y., Markham, A. N., Clemons, K. V., Stevens, D. A. By the sandwich immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) method with anti-mouse MBL (MBL-A or -C), we showed that serum MBL bound to B. dermatitidis. > present (Member of the committee for the Wellcome Trust Society Awards), [????] View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-539-8_41. Hyphae were generated by incubation of conidia for 24 h with or without micafungin. To enable future studies on host resistance factors and therapy, inbred and outbred mouse strains were tested for susceptibility to vaginal candidiasis. The American with Disabilities Act (ADA) states that service animals cannot be prohibited from any area. Mice were treated with liposomal-amphotericin B (AmBi; AmBisome), lipid-complexed amphotericin B (ABLC; Abelcet), voriconazole (VCZ), micafungin (MICA), caspofungin (CAS) or deoxycholate amphotericin B (AMBd) given alone or in combination. Gastrointestinal and endocrinologic toxicity were dose related and increased at doses greater than 800 mg. Thus, we propose that the fos-1 two-component histidine kinase is a virulence factor of A. fumigatus. View details for DOI 10.1128/IAI.72.8.4878-4880.2004, View details for Web of Science ID 000222932600066. By day 8, all mice were culture positive (5.0 log(10) cfu in brain tissue and 4.1 log(10) cfu in spinal cord tissue); CSF samples contained 4833 leukocytes/mm(3) and 3425 cfu/mL. A satisfactory efficacy response was defined as a >or=50% reduction in the Mycoses Study Group score from baseline.Seventeen (85%) of 20 patients had a satisfactory response to treatment. grubii or Cryptococcus neoformans var. Intraparenchymal abscesses with inflammatory cells in their peripheries were found beginning on day 10. Because it is highly lethal in the immunocompromised host, even in the face of therapy, work-up must be prompt and aggressive, and therapy may need to be initiated upon suspicion of the diagnosis, without definitive proof (BIII). The therapy of coccidioidomycosis has been an early target, both experimentally and clinically, for study of new members of the azole class of drugs, because of the recognition that coccidioidomycosis is one of the most difficult mycoses to treat, and because our research group and our collaborators have been eager to pioneer new therapies for this problem pathogen. View details for Web of Science ID A1997XT59500011. The impact of these immunomodulatory effects needs assessment. Percutaneous therapy and bronchial artery embolization is appropriate for some patients and itraconazole has produced favorable results in several studies. Hepatotoxicity occurred with AmBisome and Abelcet but was reduced in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. New nucleic acid-based research is promising. View details for DOI 10.1586/14787210.6.6.851, View details for Web of Science ID 000262764100016. Stevens, D. A., Moss, R. B., Kurup, V. P., Knutsen, A. P., Greenberger, P., Judson, M. A., Denning, D. W., Crameri, R., Brody, A. S., Light, M., Skov, M., Maish, W., Mastella, G. Management of varicella-vaccinated patients and employees exposed to varicella in the healthcare setting. Aspergillus terreus causes invasive aspergillosis (IA) in immunocompromised individuals and can be the leading cause of IA in certain medical centers. 0 people commented on this, Posted on July 18, 2014 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) antagonizes DEX suppression of antifungal activity by BAM. View details for DOI 10.1007/s11046-017-0133-9, View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.00316-13. Fifty-eight patients received > or = 300 mg/day, and 7 received > or = 600 mg/day. Finally, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was minimally produced by BAM + conidia or LPS, but IL-10 was produced by PM + conidia or LPS. Studies using authentic 15 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, 1-dehydroprogesterone, and 11 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone reveal that these derivatives are significantly less inhibitory to the growth of T. mentagrophytes than progesterone. I am an archaeologist, specialising in ancient Egypt, with research interests that include urbanism in the ancient world, lived religion, cultural interaction and the archaeology of cult. Mice are infected orally to allow for the colonization of Candida albicans on the mucosal surfaces of the tongue, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and cecum. Walsh, T. J., Anaissie, E. J., Denning, D. W., Herbrecht, R., Kontoyiannis, D. P., Marr, K. A., Morrison, V. A., Segal, B. H., Steinbach, W. J., Stevens, D. A., van Burik, J., Wingard, J. R., Patterson, T. F. Molecular epidemiology of the global and temporal diversity of Candida parapsilosis, Candida parapsilosis fungemia in neonates: genotyping results suggest healthcare workers hands as source, and review of published studies. Sequencing of approximately 1500 bases of the 16S rRNA gene in both organisms in 3 reference laboratories confirmed, searching against 3 databases, that the organisms were identical and were Halomonas species. Joseph Stevens (born 14 April 1818, died 7 April 1899) was a British archaeologist, former medical doctor, and antiquarian. Ninety percent of the mice given no treatment died by day 6, and 100% died by day 10. Strokes due to transmural vasculitis associated with coccidioidal meningitis result in significant morbidity and mortality. Paracoccidioides is the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, a systemic mycosis endemic to Latin America. University of Wales, Cardiff, Glamorgan, Wales, United Kingdom. The lack of demonstration of efficacy in the brain suggests that longer dosing is necessary to cause burden reduction. of Oakland Research Inst. Dose-finding studies in CD-1 mice showed that infection with 5 x 106 conidia/mouse consistently caused 100% mortality by day 5-8; no mice died before day 3. Galgiani, J. N., Ampel, N. M., Blair, J. E., Catanzaro, A., Johnson, R. H., Stevens, D. A., Williams, P. L. Immunological basis for susceptibility and resistance to pulmonary blastomycosis in mouse strains. Mouse serum and heat-inactivated mouse serum inhibited TNF-alpha production 94% when macrophages were stimulated by B. dermatitidis, whereas mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) did not have this effect. She spent a decade teaching anatomy at. The interaction between inhibitors of components of the fungal cell wall, glucan and chitin, was studied in vitro with the respective synthase enzyme inhibitors LY 303366 and nikkomycin Z. These data suggest an endemic source of colonizing organisms, possibly from the hospital food preparation area. To compare two prominent methods, 29 isolates, typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), were typed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). View details for Web of Science ID 000180636800013. This yeast may be nature's experimental reagent, to show the way to a protective protein-carbohydrate conjugate vaccine. Brummer, E., Antonysamy, M. A., Bythadka, L., Gullikson, G. W., Stevens, D. A. Temporal studies of infection have demonstrated that qPCR and to some extent EIA reflect an increase in fungal burden not shown by CFU. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.46.8.2420-2426.2002, View details for Web of Science ID 000176968700016, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC127346. All tested regimens of posaconazole were equivalent to those of amphotericin B and superior in prolonging survival and reducing CFU to those of itraconazole and caspofungin and to vehicle controls. At day 10 PI, birds treated with VCZ at 20 mg/kg had significantly fewer fungi in the lungs as demonstrated by methenamine silver stain (P = 0.017) or immunohistochemistry, as compared to diluent-treated (P = 0.034). "I'm a guilty fish-eating vegetarian," she. They decided to take the risk of hiring a pregnant presenter who would start filming, bringing a tiny baby with her. The cytokine production, assayed by antibody array and also quantitation in supernatants, was depressed (particularly TNF) by the addition of mouse serum to these cultures, with the exception of IL-6. Few modern Biblical archaeology discoveries have caused as much excitement as the Tel Dan inscriptionwriting on a ninth-century B.C. In contrast, castrated animals exhibited lesser capacity to restrict disease progression. However, only two or fewer given a regimen of ABLC or AmBi were cured of infection in both tissues. Leonie Pett, Assistant Project Manager (Sussex) Leonie Pett. Here, we examined the population genetic structure and geographic differentiation of the sexual, dimorphic fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis, the causative agent of blastomycosis.Criteria for Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) applied to seven nuclear loci (arf6, chs2, drk1, fads, pyrF, tub1, and its-2) from 78 clinical and environmental isolates identified two previously unrecognized phylogenetic species. View details for Web of Science ID 000268147700021, Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is a life-threatening infection. In untreated animals, qPCR showed transiently increased burdens in brains, while CFU enumeration showed a decrease. [1] All items found, including medieval pottery, were donated to the Reading Museum. Composite success was identical for each regimen (11/15 patients, 73 %). TNFalpha production by young macrophages (BAM or PM), when cocultured with Bd for 18 h, was half of TNFalpha secreted by adult macrophages. Infection is initiated by inhalation of conidia or mycelial fragments by the host, followed by further differentiation into the yeast form. David Keith Wright Professor - Archaeology Norwegian version of this page Email d.k.wright@iakh.uio.no Phone +47 22841942 Room Blindernverein 11, Room 145 Username Log in Visiting address Blindernveien 11 0371 Oslo Postal address Postboks 1008 Blindern 0316 Oslo Download business card Academic interests Environmental archaeology Of demonstration of efficacy in the patient who responds to initial iv therapy ( CIII ) AmBi... = 300 mg/day, and david stevens archaeologist H. hamiltonii weight showed reduced efficacy, environmental justice absence ( a! Than LAmB at reducing brain fungal burdens in both models % ) IFN and 2.1-fold for TNF than. Ifn and 2.1-fold for TNF, than in BAL from HKY-vaccinated were,! 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